Blog Report "P82 Everything from subatomic particles to the outer universe is the life of all things, even a single electron has a will."

In this ☆ article “Bloodline, Mentor and Disciple in Buddhism – Shakyamuni, Nichiren, Nikkomon School – Soka Gakkai”, I made an additional contribution.

"P82 Everything from subatomic particles to the outer universe is the life of all things, even a single electron has a will"

in roughly half the number of words.

　See original p 82 for details.

　About 800 years ago, on Sado Island, Nichiren was preaching a law that is permeable to modern science.

　The teaching of the Lotus Sutra is that all sentient beings are necessarily endowed with the ten realms.

　For example, a person is composed of the four great elements, and if any one of them is missing, he or she does not become a person. Furthermore, it is said that all beings, even the most ruthless plants, trees and dust, are endowed with the Ten Realms.

　The two laws regarding the constituent elements of "one's life and its environment'' here refers to the relationship between the self and the universe, regardless of whether it can be observed or not. A single particle is the smallest physical unit and corresponds to the 'elementary particle' of modern science. All of these are stated to 'embody the ten worlds'.

　On the other hand, in modern science, there is a thriving debate about 'will'.

Developments in quantum theory have forced the existence of will to be taken into account when explaining the behaviour of elementary particles such as electrons. The controversy is ongoing and no global consensus has yet been reached. Some physicists have proposed a theory that matter also has a will and life, but some scientists have refuted this theory.

　Hironari Yamada's 'Dialogue Principle' is a novel approach, which proposes that the uncertainty principle can be explained by the fact that electrons have a will and are free to act according to the laws of quantum theory.

■ The relationship between electrons, atoms and all things

　All matter (including living organisms) is composed of atoms. An atom consists of a nucleus and surrounding electrons. The size of an atom is about 1/100 millionth of a centimetre, while the nucleus is less than 1/10,000th of that size. Electrons are even smaller, with a mass of less than 2000th of the nucleus.

　Electrons in an atom revolve around the nucleus at a breakneck speed. The average speed of an electron is 2300 kilometres per second and the average frequency is 1016 Hz. Inside the atom is a vacuum, where electric forces are powerful. Electrically charged particles and light cannot penetrate this space, but non-electrically charged particles can.

The weight of matter in our world is determined by the mass of the atoms and gravity. The shape and structure of matter is also established by the orbitals and energy of electrons. The orbitals of electrons determine the chemical properties and bonds of atoms and are the basis for shaping the shape and state of matter.

　Matter is founded on the interaction of space and energy, which is as close to a vacuum as possible. Electromagnetic forces give matter its shape and stability, and in our everyday life matter seems to have a solid form. On a microscopic level, however, we can say that matter is mostly empty space.

　Space itself is also subject to electromagnetic forces, which involve more than just matter.

　Electromagnetic waves are transmitted even in a vacuum and serve to carry energy.

　We can say that matter is made up of the interaction of energy and space.

The mass of an atom is in fact composed of various forms of energy.

　Einstein's famous equivalence equation E=mc^2 means that mass (m) and energy (E) are equivalent and mutually convertible by multiplying by the square of the speed of light (c). Matter is made up of the interaction of space and energy, and the forces between atoms and molecules determine its shape and properties.

　Incidentally, when our life dies, its body is simply replaced by an equivalent and different energy and continues to exist.

　The bodies of living organisms are decomposed and transformed into other forms of matter and energy.

　For example, the chemical energy released by decomposition becomes a source of nutrition for other organisms or is released into the environment as heat energy.

　This process is part of the material cycle and energy flow in ecosystems, where the bodies of dead organisms return to the soil and become nutrients that help plants grow, providing the basis for new life.

　In this way, the end of life is part of a cycle that leads to the beginning of new life.

　The mass of an atom is in fact composed of various forms of energy.

　Einstein's famous equivalence equation E=mc^2 means that mass (m) and energy (E) are equivalent and mutually convertible by multiplying by the square of the speed of light (c). Matter is made up of the interaction of space and energy, and the forces between atoms and molecules determine its shape and properties.

　Incidentally, when our life dies, its body is simply replaced by an equivalent and different energy and continues to exist.

　The bodies of living organisms are decomposed and transformed into other forms of matter and energy.

　For example, the chemical energy released by decomposition becomes a source of nutrition for other organisms or is released into the environment as heat energy.

　This process is part of the material cycle and energy flow in ecosystems, where the bodies of dead organisms return to the soil and become nutrients that help plants grow, providing the basis for new life.

　In this way, the end of life is part of a cycle that leads to the beginning of new life.

　In this way, all things are flowing, turning and changing.

■ One electron also has a will

　The idea that a single electron also has a will has emerged.

　In his book 'Quantum Mechanics Reveals the Meaning of Existence, Will and Life', Hironari Yamada states that even the tiniest electron has a will.

　In his view, the electron, as a material entity, has a 'will' that determines its behaviour, which allows for a scientific explanation of physical phenomena and conscious elements.

　This approach attempts to integrate matter and consciousness and aims to form a new basis for scientific thought in the 21st century.

　Quantum mechanics, materialism and idealism can be seen as offering different perspectives that can complement each other to deepen our understanding of the fundamental nature of the universe.

The following discussion is based on the dialogue principle of Hironari Yamada.

　In quantum mechanics, it has been assumed that the electron is both a particle and a wave, but this is incorrect. In fact, waves are phenomena that emerge through interference, while electrons are particles are entities. By introducing 'will' into the electron, the complex behaviour of quantum systems can be explained without contradiction.

　This provides a bridge between physics and sociology.

　The definition of will includes 'the power to unite individuals', 'the power to identify oneself from others' and 'the power to interact and interfere with others', which is useful in explaining the stochastic behaviour of quantum systems.

① The behaviour of electrons is unpredictable and their shape and size have not yet been accurately measured. According to quantum mechanics, the electron is an infinitely small point and has wave-like properties. As light is also a particle while exhibiting wave-like properties, the electron is always a particle and only exhibits wave-like phenomena as behaviour.

　Human behaviour is also unpredictable and, like the behaviour of electrons, is indeterminate.

　② The movement of electrons can only be predicted by probability. In the microscopic world, all events, such as the decay of radioisotopes and the position of electrons, can only be predicted with probability. Until observed, the position of the electron is unknown and can only be indicated by probability.

　Human behaviour is also never definite and depends on the will.

　③ Statistics can deal with motion with or without will. Electrons have a will, but this is due to their stochastic nature.

　④ Electrons are confined by the Coulomb force of the nucleus and are distributed in a particular pattern. For example, in the 'Quantum corral' experiment, in which iron atoms are arranged in a ring, electrons are trapped inside and a wave-like pattern is observed. Similarly, analysis of the Schrodinger equation for hydrogen atoms shows that electrons exist only at certain energy levels and give structure to space.

　Humans also congregate in specific locations on the Earth and form structures.

⑤ When electrons gather, Coulomb potentials are created, and when masses gather, gravitational potentials are created. These potentials exert forces on particles, causing them to give and receive energy.

　In human society, the term 'potential' is also used as a potential or collective force, and in large cities, the gathering of people creates high economic potential.

　⑥ In physics, forces such as gravity and the Coulomb force are quantised, generating mesons and photons.

　In economics, human exchange relations are also based on barter and the exchange of money.

　⑦ New experimental results on the wave nature of electrons show that, contrary to expectations, electrons do not move regularly at equal intervals, but rather coarsely and densely.

　Cars on highways similarly form density waves, and the speed at which they travel changes as they ride the waves.

　⑧ If there were only one electron in the universe, it would have an infinitely spread wave function and its probability of existence would be extremely small. The electron behaves both as a wave and as a particle, but can only be located by its interaction with other electrons.

　Humans also understand and define themselves by their relationships with others.

　⑨ Elementary particles are divided into two types: fermions and bosons. Electrons are fermions and no two can exist in the same place. If there is more than one electron, when one moves, the others adjust their positions, keeping the space in balance.

　As humans are also a collection of electrons, they also have fermionic properties.

　It is clear from the above that the behaviour of electrons and humans is remarkably similar.

　If electrons have no will and behave atrandomly, such similarities cannot be found.

In my opinion, it has been shown that human and electronic behaviour with will are remarkably similar, however, the underlying laws are different.

　Will is part of human life activity and includes the capacity for self-control and self-determination. It also relates to the willingness to set goals and act towards them, as well as the ability to make decisions. Will represents the ability to act on one's own volition, rather than merely reacting to it.

　Historically, the concept of will has changed.

　In the Middle Ages, the will was considered to be possessed only by God, and humans were thought to live by the will of God.

　However, since the Renaissance, people have become convinced that man lives by his own will.

Hironari Yamada describes physics as follows.

　Physics is based on a number of unprovable axioms: the law of conservation of energy and the law of conservation of momentum are derived from the principle of least action. Physics is a lazy science, and although the conservation of energy and momentum laws are derived from the principle of least action, it is impossible to prove why the principle of least action is true. We know that there are four forces in nature, but we have not been able to prove why these forces exist.

　Thus, physics today is a discipline that builds its system on minimal axioms and seeks to be self-consistent.

　Without understanding these assumptions, it is difficult to understand the nature of physics. Science has limits, and this will be true not only in physics but also in other disciplines.

What exactly is will, by the way?

　The Buddha Dharma states that consciousness is included in the Nine Consciousnesses Theory.

　In general, will is part of human life activity and refers to the psychological forces and processes that determine and carry out one's actions. It includes the willingness to set goals and act and the ability to make decisions. Will is closely related to the capacity for self-control and self-determination, which enables individuals to take responsibility for the consequences of their chosen actions.

What are the advantages of defining the will scientifically, even in physics?

　In the past, since the Renaissance, it was necessary to view will as a concept independent of God in order to understand the whole of nature.

　The introduction of the will as an axiom of physics is very similar to this.

　The will is the force that unites individuals, enables them to identify and interact with others, and determines their behaviour according to the probability statistical principle.

　This definition can be applied to electrons as well as humans and helps explain the quantum mechanical behaviour of electrons.

　If electrons have a will, their behaviour is stochastic and their position in phase space depends on the properties of individual electrons.

　Will is thought to exist in all individuals, not just complex humans.

　Individuals are hierarchical and will can also be said to have hierarchical properties.

　The human decision-making process differs from that of electrons, but the underlying concept is the same.

　Thus, by introducing the will as an axiom of physics, the behaviour of particles can be understood as a willful choice rather than a random one.

However, the 'will' of an electron and the human will are fundamentally different concepts.

　The 'will' of the electron in physics appears to be a metaphor to refer to the fact that the electron's behaviour has certain regularities. This implies that electrons behave according to the laws of quantum mechanics.

　As for humans, there are also biological and psychological - sociological laws, but electrons do not make conscious choices like humans do.

　In fact, the will that electrons have is so complex that, in quantum mechanics, their behaviour is described by a probability wavefunction, which predicts a probabilistic outcome under certain conditions.

　This is a different kind of complexity than that faced by the human will.

　The behaviour of an electron has many possibilities until it is observed, according to the laws of quantum mechanics, which is fundamentally different from the complexity of the human will.

　In other words, electrons have a will as electrons and humans have a will as humans.

　Quantum mechanics affects not only the microscopic world, but also macroscopic phenomena. Matter has form due to Pauli's Exclusion Principle. This principle prohibits the existence of two homogeneous Fermi particles in the same quantum state. The electron is an example of this Fermi particle, localised in a specific place within an atom, each with its own 'street address'. This exclusivity gives matter its shape and creates the solid feeling of matter in our everyday lives.

　And although electrons are infinitesimally small points, their distribution allows matter to occupy space and take shape. Thus, quantum mechanics provides the fundamental laws that shape our world.

　However, the reason why physicists distinguish it from classical mechanics is that the laws of quantum mechanics are not intuitively observable on a macroscopic scale.

　However, we should not forget that these principles are deeply related to the structure of matter and our existence.

According to Pauli's principle, photons are bosons and can exist in the same place countless times, but do not create form. In contrast, electrons are fermions, and no two can exist in the same quantum state, thus giving shape to matter.

　Only in observations, electrons and photons are treated as waves and are distinguished by their different spins. Note that the spin of an electron is 1/2 and the spin of a photon is 1.

　Electrons behave indeterminately within an atom, emitting light and changing their energy state.

　The timing of this light emission is the 'will' of the electron and is unpredictable.

　The lifetimes of electrons vary from atom to atom, but interestingly, there is an average value.

　According to the uncertainty principle, the width of the electron's energy levels (ΔE) and its lifetime (Δτ) have an inverse relationship, expressed by the simple equation ΔExΔτ = h where h is Planck's constant.

　This principle states that the wider the width of the electron energy level, the shorter the lifetime, and the narrower the lifetime, the longer. This is exactly analogous to the way humans live.

It is interesting to consider that there are people who live long and thin lives and people who live short and thick lives.

　The relationship between humans and electrons is so profound in both science and everyday life that our existence and technological advances are closely linked to our understanding of the fundamental particle, the electron.

　Nichiren's teaching, 'Everyone, down to the tiniest particle of dust, has the ten realms', uses scientific evidence to explain that the behaviour of electrons is also accompanied by will.

　Nichiren's teachings show that our physical body is actually a field of scanty, almost empty space, shaped by minute energies within it, and that the nature of matter is determined by energies invisible to the surrounding environment.

　It is remarkable that Nichiren's teachings of 800 years ago coincide with modern quantum mechanics, and have important implications for both science and philosophy.